on Monday 9/02/09
Listening and Writing Skill
In this evening, I listened continue on www. bbclearningenglish.com. I learnt some conversation usually use for introducing situation.It should be informal language to help new person is relaxed(example following below). After that I read some academic writing essays.It helps me to get important information in process of writing(example following below).At the first,I started with a sentence. At 10.00 pm I watch TV for practicing in listening skill. I am going to describe the science program in BBC`1`. It involved appearance attraction that woman preferred.It depend on sex hormone (estrogen and progesterone). It has claimed that during menstruation most of women prefer strong appearance. Contrast in another time, some women like gentle appearance. However, this research still is proving in difference time.
In this evening, I listened continue on www. bbclearningenglish.com. I learnt some conversation usually use for introducing situation.It should be informal language to help new person is relaxed(example following below). After that I read some academic writing essays.It helps me to get important information in process of writing(example following below).At the first,I started with a sentence. At 10.00 pm I watch TV for practicing in listening skill. I am going to describe the science program in BBC`1`. It involved appearance attraction that woman preferred.It depend on sex hormone (estrogen and progesterone). It has claimed that during menstruation most of women prefer strong appearance. Contrast in another time, some women like gentle appearance. However, this research still is proving in difference time.
Example conversation for introducing situation
- Nice to see you. Did you get here alright? Ask about the journey.
- I’ll give you a quick whizz round. I’ll show you round.....
- If you need to use it, give me a call .
- if you need anything, take it from there.
- if you need any help, just call me. Use "just" to make it is easy.
- let me introduce you to someone.
-It’s really straightforward = it’s really easy.
-let me show you
-let me show how the photocopier works
-let me show you where the canteen is
-let me show you how the phone system works
-what I’ll do now is … :what I’ll do now is, introduce you to Gary
-if you need anything, just ask
-I think that’s about it, really : thinking about something leave out from introduce.
For practice writing skill.
A sentence
a sentence can be divide into 3 kinds
1. simple sentence
2. compound sentence
3. complex sentence
Simple sentence
-has one independent clause and expresses one idea
-A simple sentence must have one subject - verb combination but the subject may be compound
-A simple sentence can have a compound verb construction
Compound sentence
-simple sentence +joining word+ simple sentences
-joining word is and but so or for nor yet
Complex sentence
-Independent clause + linking word+ dependent clause
or linking word,dependent clause + independent clause
independent -show a complete idea, a sentence
dependent - does not show a complete idea, it is a part sentence
example linking word :while after though because as soon as
whereas wherever when before as
On Tuesday 10/02/09
- Nice to see you. Did you get here alright? Ask about the journey.
- I’ll give you a quick whizz round. I’ll show you round.....
- If you need to use it, give me a call .
- if you need anything, take it from there.
- if you need any help, just call me. Use "just" to make it is easy.
- let me introduce you to someone.
-It’s really straightforward = it’s really easy.
-let me show you
-let me show how the photocopier works
-let me show you where the canteen is
-let me show you how the phone system works
-what I’ll do now is … :what I’ll do now is, introduce you to Gary
-if you need anything, just ask
-I think that’s about it, really : thinking about something leave out from introduce.
For practice writing skill.
A sentence
a sentence can be divide into 3 kinds
1. simple sentence
2. compound sentence
3. complex sentence
Simple sentence
-has one independent clause and expresses one idea
-A simple sentence must have one subject - verb combination but the subject may be compound
-A simple sentence can have a compound verb construction
Compound sentence
-simple sentence +joining word+ simple sentences
-joining word is and but so or for nor yet
Complex sentence
-Independent clause + linking word+ dependent clause
or linking word,dependent clause + independent clause
independent -show a complete idea, a sentence
dependent - does not show a complete idea, it is a part sentence
example linking word :while after though because as soon as
whereas wherever when before as
On Tuesday 10/02/09
Writing and Reading Skill
In this day,I read a method of summarising . and after that I tried to find definition of phrasal verbs. then I summarised that I learnt in this blog.
Way of summarising
1. You have to read more one times to make sure you get a clear understanding.
2. Make a note in your own word .It have to be important point in original information
3. Write summarising from your notes
4. Read your summarise and read original data again to ensure you do not lose some main points.
Example
Original data
So That Nobody Has To Go To School If They Don't Want Toby Roger Sipher
A decline in standardized test scores is but the most recent indicator that American education is in trouble.One reason for the crisis is that present mandatory-attendance laws force many to attend school who have no wish to be there. Such children have little desire to learn and are so antagonistic to school that neither they nor more highly motivated students receive the quality education that is the birthright of every American.The solution to this problem is simple: Abolish compulsory-attendance laws and allow only those who are committed to getting an education to attend.This will not end public education. Contrary to conventional belief, legislators enacted compulsory-attendance laws to legalize what already existed. William Landes and Lewis Solomon, economists, found little evidence that mandatory-attendance laws increased the number of children in school. They found, too, that school systems have never effectively enforced such laws, usually because of the expense involved.There is no contradiction between the assertion that compulsory attendance has had little effect on the number of children attending school and the argument that repeal would be a positive step toward improving education. Most parents want a high school education for their children. Unfortunately, compulsory attendance hampers the ability of public school officials to enforce legitimate educational and disciplinary policies and thereby make the education a good one.Private schools have no such problem. They can fail or dismiss students, knowing such students can attend public school. Without compulsory attendance, public schools would be freer to oust students whose academic or personal behavior undermines the educational mission of the institution.
Has not the noble experiment of a formal education for everyone failed? While we pay homage to the homily, "You can lead a horse to water but you can't make him drink," we have pretended it is not true in education.Ask high school teachers if recalcitrant students learn anything of value. Ask teachers if these students do any homework. Quite the contrary, these students know they will be passed from grade to grade until they are old enough to quit or until, as is more likely, they receive a high school diploma. At the point when students could legally quit, most choose to remain since they know they are likely to be allowed to graduate whether they do acceptable work or not.Abolition of archaic attendance laws would produce enormous dividends.
First, it would alert everyone that school is a serious place where one goes to learn. Schools are neither day-care centers nor indoor street corners. Young people who resist learning should stay away; indeed, an end to compulsory schooling would require them to stay away.
Second, students opposed to learning would not be able to pollute the educational atmosphere for those who want to learn. Teachers could stop policing recalcitrant students and start educating.Third, grades would show what they are supposed to: how well a student is learning. Parents could again read report cards and know if their children were making progress.
Fourth, public esteem for schools would increase. People would stop regarding them as way stations for adolescents and start thinking of them as institutions for educating America's youth.
Fifth, elementary schools would change because students would find out early they had better learn something or risk flunking out later. Elementary teachers would no longer have to pass their failures on to junior high and high school.Sixth, the cost of enforcing compulsory education would be eliminated. Despite enforcement efforts, nearly 15 percent of the school-age children in our largest cities are almost permanently absent from school.Communities could use these savings to support institutions to deal with young people not in school. If, in the long run, these institutions prove more costly, at least we would not confuse their mission with that of schools.Schools should be for education. At present, they are only tangentially so. They have attempted to serve an all-encompassing social function, trying to be all things to all people. In the process they have failed miserably at what they were originally formed to accomplish.
Summarisation
Roger Sipher makes his case for getting rid of compulsory-attendance laws in primary and secondary schools with six arguments. These fall into three groups—first that education is for those who want to learn and by including those that don't want to learn, everyone suffers. Second, that grades would be reflective of effort and elementary school teachers wouldn't feel compelled to pass failing students. Third, that schools would both save money and save face with the elimination of compulsory-attendance laws.
After that I practiced to summarize the news article from the newspaper which I present vocabulary in last week . Today I will going to present my summarise
On Wednesday 12/02/09
In this day,I read a method of summarising . and after that I tried to find definition of phrasal verbs. then I summarised that I learnt in this blog.
Way of summarising
1. You have to read more one times to make sure you get a clear understanding.
2. Make a note in your own word .It have to be important point in original information
3. Write summarising from your notes
4. Read your summarise and read original data again to ensure you do not lose some main points.
Example
Original data
So That Nobody Has To Go To School If They Don't Want Toby Roger Sipher
A decline in standardized test scores is but the most recent indicator that American education is in trouble.One reason for the crisis is that present mandatory-attendance laws force many to attend school who have no wish to be there. Such children have little desire to learn and are so antagonistic to school that neither they nor more highly motivated students receive the quality education that is the birthright of every American.The solution to this problem is simple: Abolish compulsory-attendance laws and allow only those who are committed to getting an education to attend.This will not end public education. Contrary to conventional belief, legislators enacted compulsory-attendance laws to legalize what already existed. William Landes and Lewis Solomon, economists, found little evidence that mandatory-attendance laws increased the number of children in school. They found, too, that school systems have never effectively enforced such laws, usually because of the expense involved.There is no contradiction between the assertion that compulsory attendance has had little effect on the number of children attending school and the argument that repeal would be a positive step toward improving education. Most parents want a high school education for their children. Unfortunately, compulsory attendance hampers the ability of public school officials to enforce legitimate educational and disciplinary policies and thereby make the education a good one.Private schools have no such problem. They can fail or dismiss students, knowing such students can attend public school. Without compulsory attendance, public schools would be freer to oust students whose academic or personal behavior undermines the educational mission of the institution.
Has not the noble experiment of a formal education for everyone failed? While we pay homage to the homily, "You can lead a horse to water but you can't make him drink," we have pretended it is not true in education.Ask high school teachers if recalcitrant students learn anything of value. Ask teachers if these students do any homework. Quite the contrary, these students know they will be passed from grade to grade until they are old enough to quit or until, as is more likely, they receive a high school diploma. At the point when students could legally quit, most choose to remain since they know they are likely to be allowed to graduate whether they do acceptable work or not.Abolition of archaic attendance laws would produce enormous dividends.
First, it would alert everyone that school is a serious place where one goes to learn. Schools are neither day-care centers nor indoor street corners. Young people who resist learning should stay away; indeed, an end to compulsory schooling would require them to stay away.
Second, students opposed to learning would not be able to pollute the educational atmosphere for those who want to learn. Teachers could stop policing recalcitrant students and start educating.Third, grades would show what they are supposed to: how well a student is learning. Parents could again read report cards and know if their children were making progress.
Fourth, public esteem for schools would increase. People would stop regarding them as way stations for adolescents and start thinking of them as institutions for educating America's youth.
Fifth, elementary schools would change because students would find out early they had better learn something or risk flunking out later. Elementary teachers would no longer have to pass their failures on to junior high and high school.Sixth, the cost of enforcing compulsory education would be eliminated. Despite enforcement efforts, nearly 15 percent of the school-age children in our largest cities are almost permanently absent from school.Communities could use these savings to support institutions to deal with young people not in school. If, in the long run, these institutions prove more costly, at least we would not confuse their mission with that of schools.Schools should be for education. At present, they are only tangentially so. They have attempted to serve an all-encompassing social function, trying to be all things to all people. In the process they have failed miserably at what they were originally formed to accomplish.
Summarisation
Roger Sipher makes his case for getting rid of compulsory-attendance laws in primary and secondary schools with six arguments. These fall into three groups—first that education is for those who want to learn and by including those that don't want to learn, everyone suffers. Second, that grades would be reflective of effort and elementary school teachers wouldn't feel compelled to pass failing students. Third, that schools would both save money and save face with the elimination of compulsory-attendance laws.
After that I practiced to summarize the news article from the newspaper which I present vocabulary in last week . Today I will going to present my summarise
On Wednesday 12/02/09
Grammar and Writing Skill
Because
of I confused with using article ,today I decided to read grammar book to make me clearly understand.
For example.
1. 'the' - it is a specific thing.
- it is clear in situation ,other persons known
- There is only one something
Because
of I confused with using article ,today I decided to read grammar book to make me clearly understand. For example.
1. 'the' - it is a specific thing.
- it is clear in situation ,other persons known
- There is only one something
- usually use with 'go to'
- can not use with breakfast,lunch,dinner
2. 'a' - it is used in quantity for example once a week, three times a day
- when you want to say kind of something
- a + adj+breakfast,lunch,dinner
After that, I practise to summarize the newspaper article from Guardian Newspaper.
The Original Data
The things you can perk up with a cup of coffee
'Danger from just seven cups of coffee a day," said the Daily Express on Wednesday. "Too much coffee can make you hallucinate and sense dead people, say sleep experts. The equivalent of just seven cups of instant coffee a day is enough to trigger the weird responses." The story appeared in almost every national newspaper. This was weak observational data. That's just the start of our story, but you should know exactly what the researchers did. They sent an email inviting students to fill out an online survey, and 219 agreed. The survey is still online (in all its time-consuming glory, I just clicked answers randomly to see the next question). It asks about caffeine intake in vast detail, and then uses one scale to measure how prone you are to feeling persecuted, and uses another, the Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale (LSHS), 16 questions designed to measure "predisposition to hallucination-like experiences". Some of these questions are about having hallucinations and seeing ghosts, but some really are a very long way from there. Heavy coffee drinkers could have got higher scores on this scale by responding positively to questions like: "No matter how hard I try to concentrate on my work, unrelated thoughts always creep into my mind"; "Sometimes a passing thought will seem so real that it frightens me"; or "Sometimes my thoughts seem as real as actual events in my life". That's not seeing ghosts or hearing voices. There could have been alternative explanations for the observed correlation between caffeine intake and very slightly higher LSHS scores. Maybe some students who drink a lot of coffee are also sleep deprived, and marginally more prone to hallucinations because of that. Maybe they are drinking coffee to help them get over last night's marijuana hangover. Maybe people who take drugs instrumentally to have fun and distort their perceptions also take drugs like caffeine instrumentally to stay alert. You can think of more, I'm sure. The researchers were keen to point out this shortcoming in their paper. The Express and many others didn't seem to care. If you read the academic paper you find that the associations reported are weak. For the benefit of those who understand "regression" (and it makes anybody's head hurt), 18% of the variance in the LSHS score is explained by gender, age and stress. When you add in caffeine, 21% of the variance in the LSHS score is explained: only an extra 3%, so caffeine adds very little. The finding is statistically significant, as the researchers point out, so it is unlikely to be due to chance, but the fact is that it's still weak, it explains only a tiny amount of the overall variance in scores on the "predisposed-to-hallucinations" scale.
Lastly, most newspapers reported a rather dramatic claim, that seven cups of coffee a day is associated with a three times higher prevalence of hallucinations. This figure does not appear in the paper. It seems to be an ad hoc calculation done afterwards by the researchers, and put into the press release, so you cannot tell you how they did it, or whether they controlled appropriately for problems in the data, like something called "multiple comparisons".
Here is the problem. Apparently this three times greater risk is for the top 10% of caffeine consumers, compared with the bottom 10%. They say that heavy caffeine drinkers were three times more likely to have answered affirmatively to just one LSHS question: "In the past, I have had the experience of hearing a person's voice and then found that no one was there."
Now this poses massive problems. Imagine that I am stood facing a barn, holding a machine gun, blindfolded, firing off shots whilst swinging my whole body from side to side and laughing maniacally. I then walk up to the barn, find three bullet holes which happen to be very close together, and draw a target around them, claiming I am an excellent shot. You can easily find patterns in your data once it's collected. Why choose 10% as your cut-off? Why not the top and bottom quarters? Maybe they have accounted for this problem. You don't know, I don't know, they say they have, to me, in emails, but it wasn't in the paper, we can't all see the details. I don't think that's satisfactory for a headline finding, and the first claim of a press release.
There is another problem: putting a finding in the press release but not into the paper is a subversion of the peer review process. People will read this coverage, they will be scared, and they will change their behaviour. But the researchers' key reported claim, with massive popular impact, was never peer reviewed, and crucially the technical details behind it are not in the public domain.
I'm sorry to see academics not blameless in this dreary situation
Summarisation
This article is about a drinking 7 cups of coffee per day can hallucinate. It was on www. guardian .co.uk.
Nowadays, this claim is spreading and make people are scared. However,this research was wrong.The first reason is the researcher did not use overall data to conclude. They use some data which was fascinating. Moreover, there were many effects from coffee. For example, some case confused reality with dreams. It was not a illusion of hearing and seeing. The second reason is the claim appeared in the newspapers but it was not in an academic data. Therefore, the claim is wrong.
On Thursday 12/02/09
Listening Skill
Today, I would watch TV if it had not damage. I have to change my plan to read a grammar book. I learnt about how to use "use to".In this diary, I will conclude some parts.
1. Something used to happen= it happened regularly in the past,but no longer to happen
2. we also use this word for things that true,but are not true any more
3. The normal question form is did(you) use to in this country......?
Comparing between "I used to" and"I am used to doing"
"I am use to doing" is not new or strange for me
for example : I am used too driving on the left because I have lived in Britain a long time.
It is different meaning with : I am used to the weather
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